Year-end reviews measure what people produced. Few measure why they kept producing it.
In a year of heavier workloads, the second question carries more information than the first.

The Behavioral Diagnosis

Motivators, also called Driving Forces, measure the values behind behavior: what a person finds
worth the effort. For some, that is learning and mastery. For others, it is practical return, helping
others, autonomy, influence, or stability and structure.
Discretionary effort, the work people do beyond what the role requires, comes from these
drivers. When the work connects to them, effort holds up under pressure. When it does not,
effort